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Free PDF Quiz CMMC-CCA - Certified CMMC Assessor (CCA) Exam–High-quality Sample Questions

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Cyber AB CMMC-CCA Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Evaluating Organizations Seeking Certification (OSC) against CMMC Level 2 Requirements: This section of the exam measures skills of cybersecurity assessors and focuses on evaluating the environments of organizations seeking certification at CMMC Level 2. It covers understanding differences between logical and physical settings, recognizing constraints in cloud, hybrid, on-premises, single, and multi-site environments, and knowing what environmental exclusions apply for Level 2 assessments.

Topic 2

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP): This section of the exam measures skills of compliance professionals and tests knowledge of the full assessment lifecycle. It covers the steps needed to plan, prepare, conduct, and report on a CMMC Level 2 assessment, including the phases of execution and how to document and follow up on findings in alignment with DoD and CMMC-AB expectations.

Topic 3

Assessing CMMC Level 2 Practices: This section of the exam measures skills of cybersecurity assessors in evaluating whether organizations meet the required practices of CMMC Level 2. It emphasizes applying CMMC model constructs, understanding model levels, domains, and implementation, and using evidence to determine compliance with established cybersecurity practices.

Topic 4

CMMC Level 2 Assessment Scoping: This section of the exam measures skills of cybersecurity assessors and revolves around determining the proper scope of a CMMC assessment. It involves analyzing and categorizing Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) assets, interpreting the Level 2 scoping guidelines, and making accurate judgments in scenario-based exercises to define what assets and systems fall within assessment boundaries.

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Cyber AB Certified CMMC Assessor (CCA) Exam Sample Questions (Q57-Q62):

NEW QUESTION # 57
A contractor plans to bid for a DoD contract and has installed new network file servers to separate their commercial and DoD work. When examining the server documentation, you realize the server has some open ports. Upon further testing, you know that the server has some default features that are not essential for file storage or transfer. The server has a default remote desktop functionality that allows users remote access to the server's desktop environment. Files are transferred by default using FTP which is less secure than Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. However, the contractor's operations do not require remote access capabilities. Although the roles of each system are defined in their configuration management policy, a user can install any application or service they need. After some interviews, you learn that this ensures every employee is comfortable using a system or software they are most conversant with, despite having defined services or software for carrying out specific functions. Upon speaking with the OSC PoC when assessing CM.L2-3.4.6 -Least Functionality, they acknowledge deficiencies, place the practice in a POA&M, and request that you grant conditional certification. How would you respond?

A. Walk out of the assessment and file a conflict of interest with the CMMC AB
B. Offer to provide consulting services to help them meet CM.L2-3.4.6 - Least Functionality quickly
C. Politely decline the OSC's request and inform them that CM.L2-3.4.6 - Least Functionality cannot be placed in a POA&M. Also, inform them that granting conditional CMMC certification when they do not meet the requirement is in violation of the CMMC Code of Professional Conduct (CoPC)
D. Grant them conditional certification

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
CM.L2-3.4.6 (5-point practice) requires "configuring systems to provide only essential capabilities." Open ports, unnecessary features, and user-installed software violate this. Per the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP), 5-point practices cannot be placed in a POA&M for conditional certification-they must be fully met.
Granting conditional certification (D) violates the CoPC. Consulting (A) or walking out (C) aren't appropriate assessor responses. B aligns with CMMC rules.
Extract from Official CMMC Documentation:
* CMMC Assessment Guide Level 2 (v2.0), CM.L2-3.4.6: "No POA&M for 5-point practices."
* CAP v5.6.1: "5-point practices must be Met for certification."
Resources:
* https://dodcio.defense.gov/Portals/0/Documents/CMMC/AG_Level2_MasterV2.
0_FINAL_202112016_508.pdf

NEW QUESTION # 58
An OSC is preparing for a CMMC assessment. It has multiple information systems, some of which process CUI and others that do not. The OSC has identified a specific system that processes CUI and defined this as its system boundary. However, this system is connected to other systems within the OSC that are separately authorized and do not process CUI. As a Certified CMMC Assessor, which of the following best describes your approach to defining the CMMC Certification Boundary and Assessment Scope for the OSC?

A. The CMMC Certification Boundary and Assessment Scope should only include the specific system that processes CUI and exclude all other systems.
B. The CMMC Certification Boundary should include the specific system that processes CUI, while the Assessment Scope should encompass all systems within the OSC.
C. The CMMC Certification Boundary and Assessment Scope should include all information systems within the organization, regardless of whether they process CUI or not.
D. The CMMC Certification Boundary should include the specific system that processes CUI. In contrast, the Assessment Scope should consist of all components of the information system that require authorization and excludes separately authorized systems to which the information system is connected.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
The CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) distinguishes the Certification Boundary (the CUI-processing system) from the Assessment Scope (all components needing authorization, excluding separately authorized connected systems). The scoping guide and glossary confirm that separately authorized systems are out of scope, aligning with Option D. Option A is too broad, Option B too narrow, and Option C reverses the definitions. D is correct.
Reference:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 2.1 (Certification Boundary), p. 8: "The Assessment Scope excludes separately authorized systems."

NEW QUESTION # 59
You are assessing an OSC that develops applications handling Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). As part of the assessment, you review their vulnerability scanning process. According to their risk assessment policy, the OSC conducts system vulnerability scans every three months. However, they also utilize a centralized, automated vulnerability scanning tool that performs daily scans. Upon discovering any vulnerabilities, the OSC's team applies patches and rescans their systems. Their environment includes backend database servers, web applications with custom Java code, virtual machine hosts running containerized applications, network firewalls, routers, switches, and developer workstations. During the assessment, you find that their scanning solution integrates the latest vulnerability feeds from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD), Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language (OVAL), and vendor sources.
The tool generates reports using Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) metrics, and even remotely connected developer laptops are included in the scans. However, upon reviewing the vulnerability reports, you observe that the same high/critical vulnerabilities persist month after month without evidence of remediation.Furthermore, there is no record of source code scanning for their custom applications, and virtual machine hosts running the containerized applications are not included in the scans. Which of the following would be an appropriate compensating control or mitigation for the lack of source code scanning?

A. Deploy web application firewalls in front of the custom applications
B. Perform periodic penetration testing and code reviews on the custom applications
C. Implement secure coding standards and practices during application development
D. Increase the frequency of automated vulnerability scans on the production environment

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
CMMC practice RA.L2-3.11.2 - Vulnerability Scans requires organizations to "scan for vulnerabilities in organizational systems and applications periodically and when new vulnerabilities affecting those systems and applications are identified." The OSC's process includes robust system scanning, but the lack of source code scanning for custom applications is a gap, as vulnerabilities in code can persist into production if not addressed at the development stage. While the practice doesn't explicitly mandate source code scanning, it's a critical component of a comprehensive vulnerability management program, especially for a software development OSC handling CUI.
Among the options,performing periodic penetration testing and code reviews (C)is the most appropriate compensating control for the absence of automated source code scanning. Penetration testing simulates attacks to identify exploitable vulnerabilities in the application, while manual code reviews can uncover issues missed by system scans (e.g., logic flaws, insecure coding practices). This directly addresses the gap by ensuring vulnerabilities in custom code are identified and mitigated, aligning with the intent of RA.L2-3.11.2 to manage vulnerabilities effectively.
* Option A (Web Application Firewalls):WAFs can mitigate some runtime exploits but don't identify or fix underlying code vulnerabilities, making them a partial solution that doesn't fully compensate for the lack of scanning.
* Option B (Increase Scan Frequency):More frequent system scans won't detect code-level issues, as they target deployed systems, not source code.
* Option D (Secure Coding Standards):While proactive and valuable, standards prevent future issues but don't address existing vulnerabilities in current code, lacking the immediate compensatory effect needed.
The CMMC Assessment Guide encourages compensating controls that directly tackle identified gaps, and penetration testing combined with code reviews is a recognized industry practice (e.g., NIST SP 800-53 CA-
8, RA-5) for mitigating unaddressed code vulnerabilities.
Extract from Official CMMC Documentation:
* CMMC Assessment Guide Level 2 (v2.0), RA.L2-3.11.2: "Scan for vulnerabilities in systems and applications; remediation or mitigation required for identified issues."
* NIST SP 800-171A, 3.11.2: "Examine scanning processes; compensating controls like penetration testing can address gaps in vulnerability identification."
* Discussion Note: "Organizations may use additional methods (e.g., penetration testing) to identify vulnerabilities not covered by automated scans." Resources:
* https://dodcio.defense.gov/Portals/0/Documents/CMMC/AG_Level2_MasterV2.
0_FINAL_202112016_508.pdf

NEW QUESTION # 60
After you ask to examine some audit records, the contractor's system administrator informs you that there is a process to follow before accessing them. The logs are hashed using SHA-512 algorithms, and the system administrator has to run an algorithm to recalculate the hashes for the audit records to verify their integrity before running a decryption algorithm to decrypt the data. Since this might take some time, you tour the facility while interviewing personnel with audit and accountability roles. You see an employee holding the door for another without using their physical access card. While interviewing the contractor's employees, you find that they can access all audit logging tools and tweak the settings according to their needs or requirements. Upon examining the contractor's access control policy, you realize they have not defined the measures to protect audit logging tools. Considering CMMC AU.L2-3.3.8 - Audit Protection and best practices, which of the following is the MOST concerning finding regarding the employees' access to audit logging tools?

A. Audit logs are encrypted and hashed for integrity verification
B. The system administrator needs to recalculate hashes for audit record verification before decryption
C. Employees have unrestricted access to all audit logging tools and can modify settings
D. Employees hold doors for others without requiring physical access cards

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
AU.L2-3.3.8 requires organizations to "protect audit information and audit logging tools from unauthorized access, modification, and deletion." Unrestricted employee access to audit logging tools, with the ability to modify settings, directly violates this by risking log integrity and authenticity-critical for security investigations. Door-holding (B) is a physical security issue unrelated to audit tools. Hash recalculation (C) is a procedural step, not a flaw. Encryption and hashing (D) are strengths, not concerns. The CMMC guide stresses limiting access to a defined subset of users.
Extract from Official CMMC Documentation:
* CMMC Assessment Guide Level 2 (v2.0), AU.L2-3.3.8: "Protect audit logging tools from unauthorized access and modification."
* NIST SP 800-171A, 3.3.8: "Examine access controls to ensure only authorized personnel can modify audit tools." Resources:
* https://dodcio.defense.gov/Portals/0/Documents/CMMC/AG_Level2_MasterV2.
0_FINAL_202112016_508.pdf

NEW QUESTION # 61
Sarah, a Certified CMMC Assessor, is conducting an assessment for DataSecure, a cloud service provider that hosts various applications for the Defense Industrial Base (DIB). During the assessment, Sarah encounters a complex and highly specialized cloud architecture that leverages cutting-edge technologies such as containerization, serverless computing, and advanced security controls. As Sarah reviews the evidence provided by DataSecure for the relevant CMMC practices, she realizes that some of the evidence and implementations are unlike anything she has encountered in previous assessments. What is the most appropriate action for Sarah to take as a CCA in this scenario?

A. Request DataSecure to simplify their architecture and align with more traditional IT practices for easier evaluation.
B. Thoroughly research and understand DataSecure's cloud architecture, seek clarification from subject matter experts, and evaluate the evidence within the context of their specialized environment.
C. Strictly adhere to a standardized assessment checklist, regardless of DataSecure's unique architecture.
D. Defer the assessment until she can receive additional training on the specific technologies used by DataSecure.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
The CAP requires assessors to adapt to unique implementations by researching and understanding them, not forcing simplification (Option A), ignoring context (Option B), or delaying unnecessarily (Option C). Option D ensures a thorough, context-aware assessment.
Extract from Official Document (CAP v1.0):
* Section 2.2 - Conduct Assessment (pg. 25):"Assessors shall research and understand unique implementations, seeking clarification from SMEs as needed." References:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 2.2.

NEW QUESTION # 62
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